Improvement in cutting- stone



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The Schedule referred 'co in these Letters Patent and making part of the same. l i

To all persons to whom these presents may come: I

Be it known that I, JOHN R. ABBE, of the city and county of Providence, and State of Rhode Island, have made a new'and useful invention, having reference to the Cutting or Planing of Stone; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following speciiication, and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which---v` 'Figureldenotes a top view,

Figure 2, a side elevation,

Figure 3, a longitudinal section, and

Figure 4, afront-end view of a machine embodying my invention.

The first main operative'part of the said machine is its rotary planing-wheel, A, which is mounted on a horizontal shaft, B, and connected thereto by a feather-e connection, so as to enable the wheel -to be slid end wise along such shaft, and be revolved by it while the shaft may be in revolution'.

This cutter, or planingwheel, I construct 1n a peculiar manner; that is to sayit has a seriesof slits, a a a, extending from its circumference toward its centre,

' and being arranged at equal or about equal distances asunder.

It has been found ,that a Awheel so made, when re- `volved against a slab of marble or stone, will plane or dress it down with remarkable ease, and, besides, will wear or keep itself trueand in good cutting-order, and, by its centrifugal force, will free itself from the refuse stone removed. This wheel I usually make of cast iron.

The shaft'B is supported in boxes C C, which slide vertically on posts D D, raised upon the main or bedframe E of the machine.

These boxes are supported by adj usting-screws F F, arranged Within the posts, each of such screws, at its front, being provided with a bevelled pinion, c, for eiecting its revolution.` y

A shaft, el, going transversely through the frame E, carries bevel-gears f torengage with the pinions c of the adjusting screws.

A hand-wheel, g, fixed on the shaft d, enables a person to revolve it in order to effect simultaneous rotary motions of the two adjusting-screws, and thereby adjust the cutter-wheel either nearer to or further from a carriage, Gr, arranged underneath it, and supported by and so as to be capable of having endwise or parallel rails or Ways, h h, projecting from the frame E.

Around the carriage is a trough or groove, fi, into which opens a 'series of longitudinal and4 transverse grooves, la Z, made in and below the top surface of the carriage, eachvof such grooves k l being dovetailed in transverse section. They are to receive the heads of bolts or clamps used to confine a stone in place on the carriage.

Applied tothe carriage isa rack, m, for feeding it along.

A gear, u, on a shaft, o, engages with the said rack, and a pinion,p, on a shaft, q. Y

At each'end ofthe shaft q is a gear, r, which engages with one of two such gears, s s, iixed onv a drivingshaft, t.

The said driving-shaft, supported by the frame E, has two fast pulleys, u o, and two loose pulleys, fa; z, xed upon it, they being to receive two belts running in opposite directions, and from and about a'drivingdrum.' Y

Over the said pulleys is a belt-shipper, H, which slides in the frame E, and has foi-kay y, projecting from it in opposite directions, and with respect to the fast and loose pulleys, in manner as represented. in the drawings.

A sectoral cam, z, shown in dotted lines in gs. 1 and 2, is arranged below the beltfshi'pper, and between two studs, a, projecting down therefrom, in manner as represented in Figure 5.

' At its lower end the said cam is pointed, and below its point it is jointed to one end of a slide-rod or bar, b', from whose upper end an arm, c', projects upward, in manner as shown in figs. 1 and 2, and between two adj ustablc stops, d e', fixed to the front side of the carria-ge G, by clamp-screws f and nuts g', the heads of the screws being arranged in a dovetailed groove, h', made in the side of the carriage, the whole being as shown in the drawings.

While the carriage may be in movement in either direction, one of the stops will be. carried against the arm c', and will move it so as toeect the movement of one driving-belt from its fast to its loose pulley, and the other from its loose to its fast pulley, the same serving to eiiect a reversal of the movement of the carriage. j

There extends from each box C, a projection, t', which is slotted vertically, and goes through a clampplate, It', which rests against the side of the post D, on which the box slides.

A wedge, l', affixed to a toothed rack, m', extends through the slot of the projection-t', and against the clamp-plate'. i

A pinion, o, xed on a shaft, n', engages with the rack m. By applying a key to one end of the shaft n', and revolving such shaft, the wedges 1 may be moved either up or down. lVhen moved downward, these wedges, by acting within the projectionsV and against the clamp-plates, operate to clamp the boxes iirmly to the posts, so as to prevent any vertical movements of the boxes'on the adjusting screws, the same being to hold the cutting-wheel vfirmly in one position.

There is applied to the said cutting-wheel machinery is to say, from one side of the wheel a cylindrical head or hub, 0 2, projects concentrically with the wheel.

This head is grooved around its circumference to receive a disk, p', fixed on the inner end of a long scrw,

for effecting a lateral movement of it on its shaft; that g", which screws into and through the box C, and cairies 'a hand-wheel, IH. By revolving the hand-wheel, the screw will be turned so as to produce an-endwise movement of it and the cutting-wheel.

On the shaft of the said wheel is a fast pulley, s, a loose pulley, t', and a iiy-wheel, u', the whole being arranged as represented in the. drawings.

A driving-belt is to be applied to the fast pulley s', in order te nsetmthev cutting-wheel in ievolution.n

YIn my machine, thecutter-wheel does not act likeY the rotary cutter' of a planing-machine, but it operates more like a grinding-wheel, and in fact may be termed an improved rotary grinder.

It is intended to be used with sand and water, although in many cases they may be dispensed withI in reducing'a stone' by the wheel, the stone being placed on and tixed to the carriage, and by it moved along underneath and into contact with the wheel. In practice, a wheel so made `is found to operate to extraordinary advantage.

i An attendant, standing on one side of the machine, can easily effect any vertical or lateral movement of the cutter-wheel, or the locking of it in position, as circumstances may require.

I do not claim the combination of a cutterfwheel and a reciprocating carriage, as such areeommon to planing or other machines.

I am aware of the subject oi' the United States patent, No. 28,639, which represents a 'grindstone-dressing wheel, having a series of' radiating sharp-edged chisels, situated between two yielding washers, and supported within a handle, so as to form an instrument which, on application t0 the surface of a revolving grindstone While in revolution, will revolve therewith, and mill the same, or impart to it a series of indentations. rIhis diiers entirely from my wheel, which has no sharp-edged ehisels, and is not to be used in the manner or for the purpose of such patented wheel.

My stone-planing wheel is a` cylinder, formed with a series of slits, extending into it from its circumference, and is designed to plane a stone, not to indent it; and,

besides, when'in use, my wheel is to revolve very much faster than the rate of movement of the surface to be reduced orl planed by it. Therefore, my stone-planing wheel not only diiers in construction'from the said` patented wheel, but is for a different purpose, and isA used in an entirely different manner.

What I claim as my invention, in the above-described stoneplaning machine, is as follows:

. lv ClaimV the improved cutterV or grinding-wheel, made with slits ranging from its circumference, as described. I also claim the reduction or planing of stone, by

' tending across it, and opening at the opposite ends of each into such trough, as set forth.

I also claim the combination of the series of two fast and two loose pulleys u c w x, the duplex-forked shipper H, the sectoral cam z, the 'slide-bar b', the arm o', and the stops d e', applied to the carriage G, asset forth.

I also claim the eombinationof this latterY combination with the carriage G, its operating-raek m', and train of gears, as specified.

I also claim the combination of the clamping-mechanism (viz, thc projections i', the wedges l', the racks m,the pinions o, the shaft n', and the plates 15,) with the wheel-shaft boxes G, their supporting-posts D, and

the adjusting-screws F, applied to the said boxes, as and for the purpose specied.

.TOEN R. ABBE. Witnesses:

Geo. H. BURNHAM, FRANCIS B. PERRY. 

